Polycrystalline solar panels are one of the most popular choices among renewable energy users. Their manufacturing technology is simpler and more cost-effective, while offering stable performance and long-lasting operation.
How are polycrystalline solar panels made?
Polycrystalline silicon block molding: The silicon is melted and then poured into a mold where it solidifies to form multiple crystals. This process requires less energy and time than manufacturing monocrystalline solar cells.
Processing: The solidified silicon is cut into square blocks and then made into thin slices (wafers). The slices are easily recognized by their characteristic bluish hue and crystalline pattern.
Assembly: The individual silicon cells are connected with tin strips, and the finished panel is placed between layers of glass and plastic that protect it from environmental influences.
Performance and efficiency
Polycrystalline solar panels typically have an efficiency of 13-18%, but modern manufacturing technologies allow some models to reach efficiencies of up to 20%. While this may be lower than monocrystalline solar panels, polycrystalline panels perform well in many environments.
Utilization of scattered light : Polycrystalline solar cells are particularly efficient in scattered light, which can be beneficial in regions where cloudy days are common or sunlight intensity is lower, such as in northern countries.
Advantages
Lower manufacturing costs: Polycrystalline solar panels require less energy to manufacture, so they can be cheaper than monocrystalline panels. This can be an ideal solution for projects with tighter budgets.
Greener production: By reducing energy-intensive processes, the ecological footprint during production is reduced.
Diffused Light Efficiency: They perform excellently in less sunny areas or in diffused light conditions.
Disadvantages
Lower efficiency: Compared to monocrystalline solar panels, they provide slightly lower performance under sunny, ideal conditions.
Shorter lifespan: Although the difference is not significant, the lifespan of polycrystalline panels can generally be slightly shorter than that of their monocrystalline counterparts.
Polycrystalline vs. monocrystalline solar panels
| Features | Polycrystalline panels | Monocrystalline panels |
|---|---|---|
| Efficiency | 13-18% (up to 20%) | 15-22% (higher efficiency) |
| Price | Lower | Higher |
| Utilization of scattered light | Right | Less effective |
| Appearance | Blue, crystalline pattern | Solid black color |
Who is it recommended for?
For households and businesses looking for a more affordable solar system. In less sunny areas where utilizing scattered light is important.
For those looking for an environmentally conscious solution and want to reduce installation costs.